Calculator.



No. 7I7,|25. Patented Dec. 30,1902.

l W. P. SHATTUCK.

CALCULATOR.

(Application led Sept. 24, 1900- Renewed July 23, 1902.) (In Model.) 3sheets-sheet Nn. 7|7,|25. Patented Dec. 30, i902.

W. P. SHATTUCK.

CALCULATOR.

(Application filed Sept. 24, 1900. Renewed July 23, 1902.) l

(No Model.) 3 Sheeis-$heet 2.

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UNTTED STATES PATENT Ormea.

WILLIAM P. SHATTUCK, OF MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA, ASSIGNOR TO THE vSHATTUCK MANUFACTURINGrl COMPANY, OF MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA, ACORPORATION.

CALC U LATO R.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 717,125, dated December30, 1902. Application filed September 24, 1900. Renewed July 23, 1902.Serial N/oflllO. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.' parts, all as hereinafter described, andpar- Beitknown that I, WILLIAM I). SHATTUCK, ticularly pointed out inthe claims. of the city of Minneapolis, county of Henne- The inventionwill be more readily underpin, and State of Minnesota, have inventedstood byreference to the accompanying draw- 5 certain new and usefulImprovements in Calings, forininga part of this'specication, and 55culators, of which the following is a speciin whichcation. Figure l is aperspective view of a calcula- Myinvention relates to calculating orcomtor embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a secputing machines; and theobject of my inventional view thereof on the line o a; of Fig. l.

Io tion is to provide a mechanism by the use of Fig. 3 is a sectionalview on the line y y of 6o which problems in addition andsubtraotionFig. 1. Fig. 4 is a sectional view on the line may be solved quickly andwith absolute acjez of Figs. l and 3. Fig. 5 shows the pointed curacy.or operating tool. Fig. 6 is a plan view of A particular object of myinvention is to the machine with all but a small portion of I5 provide ahand-operated calculator, as disthe face-plate removed. Fig. 7 isasectional 65 tinguished from that class of machines which View ou theline u u of Fig. l. Figs. 8 and are designed for the same purpose, but.have 9 are end and plan views showing the debanks of keys through themanipulation of tailed construction of the shaft ends with which theregistering mechanisms are oper- Vmodified andadditional locking-gears.

2o ated. Owing to the extraordinarily simple con- 7o A further object ofmy invention is to prostruction of my machine, including, as it vide acalculator of extremely simple condoes, few parts, which are compactlyassemstruction, in which the partswill be strong bled, it will beevident to any one skilled in and light and very few in number, to theend the arts that my machine may be so far re- 25 that the parts mayoperate with greater cerduced in size that it may be placed upon the 75tainty and exactness and also in order that end of a pencil or adaptedto be held in the the machine may be manufactured and sold hand andcarried in the pocket; but experiat a low price. Y ments havedemonstrated that hand opera- My invention consists generally in aigtions are more rapid vwhen not confined to 3o ured plate or face incombination with a se small spaces, and I therefore prefer to make 8ories of rotary shafts suitably geared together my machine quite wide,with ample spaces and adapted for operation by a hand-tool, between thecolumns, and of considerable pointer, or pencil; and my inventionconsists weight, so that when it is placed upon a taparticularly in agroup 4of spiral or spirallyble or desk it can be manipulated with one35 grooved shafts associated with pencil or hand, leaving the other handfree. It is for 85 pointer guides and adapted for rotation by thisreason that the machineillustrated in the longitudinal movement of apointer in said drawings is provided with the heavy base 2, guides incombination with suitable means preferably bottomed by a soft pad orrubber for communicating the movements from one feet. I prefer that thebase be separate from 4o shaft to another and to figured wheels; and thebox or casing 3, which contains the work 9o the invention furtherconsists in a particular ing parts and which is provided with theconstruction and arrangement of the spiral heavy ends 4 to carry theshafts. The top shafts whereby a slight longitudinal moveof the box orcasing is divided into the vertiment of a given shaft will disconnectthe cal columns, separated by slots 5, through 45 same from those whichrepresent lower dewhich the operating-tool Works upon the spi- 95nominations for addition and also permitting ral shafts within thecasing. There may be backward rotation of the shafts for the puranynumber of columns and corresponding pose of subtraction; and theinvention furshafts. Each shaft comprises a spiral porther consistspinthe various details of contion 6, provided with ten spiral grooves 7 7,

5o struction and in particular combinations of each making a completeturn about the 10o ,f

shaft and preferably terminating in straight in the case of the lirstshaft or from thelockgrooves 8 8 at the bottom of the shaft. The ends 9and 10 of the shaft are reduced in size and have bearings in the parts 44of the casing or box. These reduced ends carry the figure-wheel 11andthe transmitting-gear 12, respectively. The upper end of each shaftis provided with a shoulder 13, forming a stop against the piece 4,against which they are held by small springs 14 in the lower ends of theshafts and which bear against the ends of the shaft-holes in the lowerpart 4 of the casing. As shown in Fig. 3, the shafts are shorter thanthe space allowed therefor, so that each shaft is capable of a slightlongitudinal movement against the pressure of its spring 14. Thismovement is sufficient to disengage the gear of one shaft from that onthe shaft to the right, while leaving it in engagement with the gearupon the next shaft to the left. I prefer to use Geneva-stopintermittent gears upon the shafts, each comprising a locking-disk 15,provided with a single tooth 16, and a ten-tooth gear 17, the teeth ofwhich are provided with concave surfaces which interlock with thelocking-disk upon the shaft to the right. The gears 17 are at leasttwice as wide as the locking-disks in order to permit the longitudinalmovement in the manner above specified. The first shaft to the right isprovided with a lockingdisk only, and the last shaft to the left hasonly a gear 17. The lock for the first shaft is provided in the form ofa fixed pin 18 in the casing, the same entering the spiral grooves whenthe shaft is in its raised position. Any kind of intermittent gears maybe employed; but these Geneva-stop gears absof lutely preventindependent movement of the shaft or the overthrowing or overrunningthereof. As anadditional preventive against overthrowing I may employadditional gears, as shown in Figs. 8 and 9, the same being providedeach with a long vtooth 19, adapted to stop against the corners of theopposite gearteeth.

Referring again to the face of the machine, it will be noted that thereare two columns of gures foreach slot -the one for addition to the rightof the slot, and one column for subtraction at the left of the slot, thefigures being reversed in order. The pencil, pointer, or operating-tool20 is provided with a metal point 2l, adapted to fit the spiral groovesin the shafts, and in order that this pointer may be quickly, easily,and accurately placed at the right point in the column I prefer toincline the figure-plate and separate the figurespaces by raised lugs22, so that the pointer may be placed upon a figure and upon slightpressure being applied thereto will slide off into the slot and onto thespiral shaft at the properheight thereon. The pointer fits the spiralgroove snugly, and when the pointer is drawn down in the slot the firsteffect of its movementis to draw down the shaft againstits spring 14 andto disconnect it from the stop 18 ing-disk to the right iu the case ofany other shaft. Thereafter the downward movement of the pointer or toolcauses the shaft to rotate and communicate movement to the shafts at theleft until the pointer arrives at the bottom of the slot, where itpasses into the straight portion of the groove, so as to leave the shaftin proper position to slip back to place'when the tool is withdrawn fromthe slot. At this time the spring quickly forces the shaft up or backand again interlocks the same with the shaft-gears to the right. Thefigure-wheels show through the holes 24 at the bottom of the casing. Thepressure or drag of the tool in the spiral slot automaticallyaccomplishes the longitudinal movement of the shaft that is required inperforming addition; but when it is desired to subtract a number thetool is forced upward in the proper slot, in which case it is obviouslynecessary to disconnect the gears by other means. To this end I extendthe upper end of the shafts through the top of the casing, the samebecoming push-bottoms or studs 25, by which any given shaft may be firstpushed down and then rotated by an upward movement of the tool orpencil. As in other mechanical calculators, problems in division andmultiplication are performed by the processes of subtraction andaddition.

It is obvious that the number of grooves in each shaft or the number ofturns of the single spiral is arbitrary. This number and the number ofteeth in the gears is varied according to the relative values of thearticles to be counted, such as quarts and gallons, inches, feet, yards,dac., pounds, Shilling, pence, or other money values, and so on.

lf desired, means may be provided for returning the ligure-wheels toZero. Such means would comprise a simple longitudinally-movable rack orbar; but the shafts are so easily returned by the process of subtractionor by the addition of differentials that I have not thought it necessaryto show or describe mechanical zero-returning means in detail.

I have also devised an extremely simple printing or listing attachmentfor this machine, which will be presented in a forthcoming application.

I do not confine my invention to the exact details of constructionherein shown and described.

IIaving thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent- 1. In a calculator, the combination of a series ofspirally-grooved shafts, connected by suitable transfer devices andassociated with indicating means, said shafts being capable of rotationthrough the medium of a suitable tool when moved longitudinally thereof,substantially as described.

2. In a calculator, the combination, with a series of spirally-groovedshafts connected by suitable transfer devices and associated withindicating means, of a columna'ted frame provided With tool-guides, onefor each said shaft, confining the movement of the tool to movementlongitudinally of said shaft to rotate the same, and means whereby, uponthe rotation of a given shaft by said tool, the relation of said shaftto the other shafts is changed todisconnect the same from the shaft orshafts to the right thereof, substantially as described.

3. In a calculator, the combination, with a plurality of guides, of aplurality ofshafts each provided with a plurality of spiral grooves,transfer means connecting the several shafts successively, and saidshafts being capable of a slight longitudinal movement prior torotation, whereby any given shaft may be disconnected from the shaft orshafts to the right thereof, as and for the purpose specified.

4. In a calculator, the combination, with a columnated frame and guides,of a plurality of spirally-grooved shafts, each capable of rotationbyatool moved longitudinallyin the correspondingguide, and suitableforwardly-acting transfer means successively connecting and engagingsaid shafts, whereby movement is communicated from one shaft to theshaft or shafts to the left thereof Whether said movement be of apositive or a negative character, While the shaft or shafts to the rightis or are undisturbed, and suitable indicating means, substantially asdescribed.

5. In a calculator, the combination, with a suitable colum nated frameprovided with parallel guides or slots, of related spiral shafts, eachcapable of a slight longitudinal movement preparatory to rotation, atransfer mechanism connecting the several shafts in succession andadapted for disconnection by the longitudinal movement referred to, andsaid shafts adapted for both longitudinal movement and rotation by asingle operatingtool,

y substantially as described.

6. In a calculator, the combination, with a suitable columnated frameprovided with parallel guides or slot-s, of related spiral shafts, eachcapable of a slight longitudinal movement preparatory to rotation, atransfer mechanism connecting the several shafts in succession andadapted for disconnection by the longitudinal movement referred to, andeach of said shafts adapted for both longitudinal movement and rotationby the same stroke of a single operating-tool, substantially .asdescribed.

7. In a machine of the class described, a iigured plate or face incombination with a series of rotary shafts suitably geared together andadapted for operation by ahand-tool, pointer or pencil when movedlongitudinally thereof, and value-indicators associated with saidshafts, substantially as described.

8. In a calculator of the class described, the combination of acolumnated plate provided With tool-guides with a series of shaftsparallel with said guides and adapted for rotation by a tool movedlongitudinally in respective guides, ind-icating means and transfermeans associated with said shafts, locking means normally in engagementwith said shafts, and means preventing the rotation of a shaft or shaftsby the rotation of a shaft of higher denomination, substantially asdescribed,

9. In a calculator, the combination of a guide-plate with a plurality ofshafts for rotation bya tool operating longitudinally thereof,interlocking and transfer devices associated with said shafts, and allof said shafts beingincapable of rotation by said tool until a selectedshaft is moved to disengage the same from the locking device to theright thereof, substantially as described.

10. In a calculator, the combination, with a suitable frame, of aplurality of shafts, each capable of rotative and non-rotative movementby means of a suitable tool, indicating means, locking devices dependentupon said non-rotative movement, and transfer devices dependent uponsaid rotative movement, substantially as described.

1l. Ina calculator, the combination, with a suitable frame, of aplurality of shafts, each capable of rotative and non-rotative movementbymeans of a suitable tool, indicating means, interlocking andjustifying devices dependent upon said non-rotative movement, andtransfer devices dependent upon said rotative movement, substantially asdescribed.

l2. In a calculator, the combination of a guide-frame with a series ofrevoluble members, each provided with a plurality of Wormteeth orspirals, corresponding figures upon said frame, interlocking transferdevices for the communication of movement from one shaft to the shaft orshafts of a higher denomination only, and indicating means,Substantially as described.

13. In a calculator, the combination, Witha guide-frame, of a pluralityof Worm or spiral shafts provided with interlocking gears in constantengagement throughout said shafts serially, transfer means, and saidshafts being revoluble only after a non-rotary movement of one thereof,substantially as described.

14. In a calculator, the combination of a series of rotary members, eachprovided With a given number of divisions, tool-guides for said membersand wherein said members are exposed for engagement, at any point or division, by the tool, to be proportionally operated thereby, and suitableindicating means, substantially as described.

15. In a calculator, the combination of a series of spiral shaftsoccupying the same plane, and respective tool-guides therefor, with anindicating-wheel upon each shaft, and transfer means connecting saidshafts, substantially as described.

16. In a calculator, the combination of a series of members, each havinga plurality of spirals,with parallel tool-guides for said members andopposite which said spirals are eX- posed, transfer devices connectingsaid mem- IOO IIO

bers, and interlocking means4 jointly operable With said members,substantially as described.

17. In a calculator, the combination of aseries of members revoluble insuitable bearings and each provided with a plurality of spirals,terminating in straight, justifying portions, tool-guides forsaidmembers, transfer devices and indicating means, substantially asdescribed.

18. In a calculator, the combination of a series of members, eachprovided with a plurality of spirals terminating in justifying portions,said members being capable of both longitudinal and rotary movement,interlocking means, transfer devices and indicating means,and each saidmember being adapted to be moved longitudinally, rotated and justifiedby a single, parallel stroke or sweep of a suitable tool in its guide,substantially as described.

19. In a calculator, the combination, with a suitable tool-guide, of aseries of members parallel therewith and adapted for movement by a toolsliding thereon, indicating means and transfer devices, substantially asdescribed.

20. In a calculator, the combination of a suitable frame provided withparallel guides with a series of spiral shafts operable by a toolsliding in said guides, the spirals of adjacent shafts being of oppositedirection, intermittent gears provided upon said shafts, andindicating-Wheels also provided thereon, substantially as described.

21. In a calculator, the combination, with a suitable frame providedWith a plurality of guides, of a plurality of spiral shafts, the spiralsof which are alternated in direction, and all of which terminate instraight, justifying portions, transfer devices and indicating means,substantially as described.

22. In a calculator, the combination of a suitable frame provided with aseries of guides, with a series of shafts, each provided with aplurality of spiral grooves terminating in straight portions, and thespirals of adjacent shafts being of opposite direction, intermittentgears upon and successively connecting said shafts, each said shaftbeing adapted for slight longitudinal movement to disengage its gearfrom the one upon the next shaft to the right, whereby, as a tool isapplied to a shaft to rotate the same, said shaft is lirst movedlongitudinally and then rotated, substantially as described.

23. In a calculator, the combination of a suitable frame provided with aseries of guides, With a series of shafts having bearings in said frame,said shafts being parallel with said guides and each said shaft having aplurality of spiral grooves terminating in straight, justifyingportions,interlocking and transfer devices upon the said shafts successivelyconnecting and engaging the same,said shafts being adapted forlongitudinal movement as Well as rotation by a tool operated inrespective guides, and springs for returning said shafts longitudinally,substantially as described.

24. In a calculator, the combination of a suitable frame provided with aseries of guides, With a series of spiral shafts parallel to respectiveguides, said shafts being both revolubly and longitudinallymovable inbearings in said frame, and provided with knobs upon the exterior ofsaid frame, and each of said shafts being provided With an intermittentgear and an indicating-Wheel, substantially as described.

25. In a calculator, the combination of a frame provided with a seriesof guides, With a series of shafts, each provided With a plurality ofspiral grooves to receive an operating-tool in a respective guide, saidgrooves being of a Width to receive said tool but prevent the same fromengaging With the bottoms thereof, interlocking transfer devices uponsaid shafts, said shafts being capable of both longitudinal and rotarymovement by said tool, and indicating means, substantially as described.

26. In a calculator, the combination, with a series of guides, eachprovided With a series of tool inclines or chutes, of a series ofshafts, each provided With a plurality of spirals, and transfer andindicating means, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name this 10th day ofSeptember, 1900.

WM. P. SHATTUCK.

In presence of- C. G. HAWLEY, M. C. NooNAN.

IOO

